Search results for "Fas Ligand Protein"
showing 10 items of 28 documents
CNS Macrophages Control Neurovascular Development via CD95L.
2017
The development of neurons and vessels shares striking anatomical and molecular features, and it is presumably orchestrated by an overlapping repertoire of extracellular signals. CNS macrophages have been implicated in various developmental functions, including the morphogenesis of neurons and vessels. However, whether CNS macrophages can coordinately influence neurovascular development and the identity of the signals involved therein is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that activity of the cell surface receptor CD95 regulates neuronal and vascular morphogenesis in the post-natal brain and retina. Furthermore, we identify CNS macrophages as the main source of CD95L, and macrophage-specific del…
Declining Physical Performance Associates with Serum FasL, miR-21, and miR-146a in Aging Sprinters.
2016
Aging is associated with systemic inflammation and cellular apoptosis accelerating physiological dysfunctions. Whether physically active way of life affects these associations is unclear. This study measured the levels of serum inflammatory and apoptotic molecules, their change over 10 years, and their associations with physical performance in sprint-trained male athletes. HsCRP, cell counts, HGB, FasL, miR-21, and miR-146a were measured cross-sectionally (n=67, 18–90 yrs) and serum FasL, miR-21, and miR-146a and their aging-related associations with physical performance were assessed over a 10-year follow-up (n=49, 50–90 yrs). The cross-sectional study showed positive age correlations for …
Lack of association between gene polymorphisms of Angiotensin converting enzyme, Nod-like receptor 1, Toll-like receptor 4, FAS/FASL and the presence…
2011
Abstract Background Several polymorphisms of genes involved in the immunological recognition of Helicobacter pylori and regulating apoptosis and proliferation have been linked to gastric carcinogenesis, however reported data are partially conflicting. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential associations between the presence of gastric cancer (GC) and high risk atrophic gastritis (HRAG) and polymorphisms of genes encoding Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), Nod-like receptor 1 (NOD1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and FAS/FASL. Methods Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 574 subjects (GC: n = 114; HRAG: n = 222, controls: n = 238) of Caucasian origin. ACE I/D (rs4646994), NOD1 796G>…
Involvement of the CD95 (APO-1/Fas) receptor and ligand system in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric epithelial apoptosis.
1998
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulceration, and gastric carcinoma. The potential role of CD95-mediated apoptosis was investigated in a panel of gastric biopsies obtained from patients with H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis (n = 29) and with noninfected normal mucosa (n = 10). Immunohistochemistry revealed increased CD95 receptor expression in epithelial and lamina propria cells in chronic gastritis. By in situ hybridization, CD95 ligand mRNA was absent or low in normal mucosa but expressed at high levels in lamina propria lymphocytes and, unexpectedly, in epithelial cells in chronic gastritis. Apoptotic cells were rare in normal mucosa but wer…
Differential regulation of Fas-mediated apoptosis in both thyrocyte and lymphocyte cellular compartments correlates with opposite phenotypic manifest…
2001
Several mechanisms are probably involved in determining the evolution of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) towards either hypothyroidism and the clinical syndrome known as Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) or toward hyperthyroidism and the symptoms of Graves' disease (GD). To gain further insight into such mechanisms we performed an exhaustive comparative analysis of the expression of key molecules regulating cell death (Fas, Fas ligand [FasL], Bcl-2) and apoptosis in both thyrocytes and thyroid infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from patients with either GD or HT. GD thyrocytes expressed less Fas/FasL than HT thyrocytes, whereas GD TILs had higher levels of Fas/FasL than HT TILs. GD thyrocytes exp…
Control of target cell survival in thyroid autoimmunity by T helper cytokines via regulation of apoptotic proteins
2000
After autoimmune inflammation, interactions between CD95 and its ligand (CD95L) mediate thyrocyte destruction in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Conversely, thyroid autoimmune processes that lead to Graves' disease (GD) result in autoantibody-mediated thyrotropin receptor stimulation without thyrocyte depletion. We found that GD thyrocytes expressed CD95 and CD95L in a similar manner to HT thyrocytes, but did not undergo CD95-induced apoptosis either in vivo or in vitro. This pattern was due to the differential production of TH1 and TH2 cytokines. Interferon gamma promoted caspase up-regulation and CD95-induced apoptosis in HT thyrocytes, whereas interleukin 4 and interleukin 10 protected GD …
Resistance to Gemcitabine in a Lymphoma Cell Line Resistant to Fas-mediated Apoptosis
2004
BACKGROUND: The T-cell lymphoma cell line HuT78B1, selected for resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis, resulted unexpectedly resistant to the apoptotic and cytotoxic effects of gemcitabine (dFdC). We investigated whether this resistance was due to the impairment of the Fas/Fas-ligand (FasL) system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: dFdC effects were studied in HuT78B1 and in the parental Fas-sensitive HuT78 cells exposed to inhibitors of the Fas/FasL system. RESULTS: FasL- and Fas-blocking antibodies did not interfere with dFdC-induced apoptosis in HuT78 cells, whereas inhibitors of caspase-8, -9, -1 or -3 had partial inhibitory effects. Notably, in HuT78B1 cells there was a markedly reduced dFdC accum…
SAHA induces apoptosis in hepatoma cells and synergistically interacts with the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib.
2007
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors represent a promising group of anticancer agents. This paper shows that the HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) stimulated at 5-10 microM apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 and Huh6 cells, but was ineffective in primary human hepatocytes (PHH). In HepG2 cells SAHA induced the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, increasing the expression of both FasL and FasL receptor and causing the activation of caspase-8. Moreover, SAHA enhanced the level of Bim proteins, stimulated alternative splicing of the Bcl-X transcript with the expression of the proapoptotic Bcl-Xs isoform, induced degradation of Bid into the apoptotic factor t-Bid and dephosphorylat…
Membrane vesicles shed by oligodendroglioma cells induce neuronal apoptosis.
2006
In order to investigate the mechanism by which oligodendrogliomas cause neuronal damage, media conditioned by G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells, were fractionated into shed vesicles and vesicle-free supernatants, and added to primary cultures of rat fetal cortical neurons. After one night treatment with vesicles, a reproducible, dose-dependent, inhibitory effect on neurite outgrowth was already induced and, after 48-72 h of incubation, neuronal apoptosis was evident. Vesicle-free supernatants and vesicles shed by NIH-3T3 cells had no inhibitory effects on neurons. Western blot analyses showed that treated neurons expressed a decreased amount of neurofilament (NF), growth-associated protein (GA…
Targeting apoptosis proteins in hematological malignancies
2010
The apoptotic machinery plays a key role in hematopoietic cell homeostasis. Terminally differentiated cells are eliminated, at least in part, by apoptosis, whereas part of the apoptotic machinery, including one or several caspases, is required to go through very specific steps of the differentiation pathways. A number of hematological diseases involve a deregulation of this machinery, which in most cases is a decrease in cell sensitivity to pro-apoptotic signals through over-expression of anti-apoptotic molecules. In some situations however, e.g. in the erythroid lineage of low grade myelodysplastic syndromes, cell sensitivity to apoptosis is increased in a death receptor-dependent manner a…